Exhibits

Streptococcus is a genus of spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and short chains. This genus is part of the human saliva, skin and gut microbiomes and includes many non‑pathogenic (commensal) species, some of which are used in the production of fermented dairy products. In addition, there are pathogenic representatives that can cause infections e.g. of the lungs, eyes or skin.

Myxobacteria are widespread soil microorganisms known for their ability to break down and consume other microbes, especially those that decompose wood. Some species are even capable of degrading cellulose themselves. Consequently, myxobacteria are also found in the dung of herbivorous animals and on rotting wood. Many members of this bacterial group are valuable to humans because they possess extraordinary biosynthetic capabilities, producing bioactive compounds such as antibiotics and cytostatic agents.

The social lifestyle of myxobacteria is equally fascinating. They communicate through intercellular signals and move together in swarms toward prey bacteria or yeast fungi, which they then collectively dissolve. When nutrients become scarce, the cells aggregate, forming fruiting bodies that display a variety of colors and shapes. Inside these fruiting bodies, the bacteria develop myxospores—dormant, resistant cells that allow the population to survive adverse conditions.

Bacteria of the genus Chloronema are found in lakes, where they form filaments up to a quarter of a millimetre long. These filaments are motile and contain photosynthetic pigments (bacteriochlorophylls) housed in tiny organelles called chlorosomes, which lie against the inner side of the cell envelope and give the cells a characteristic yellow‑green colour. Using these photosynthetic pigments, Chloronema can harvest underwater light for growth. In the centre of each cell is a cluster of gas‑filled vesicles that help the cells maintain an exact position within the water column, ensuring they stay in the optimal light conditions they need.